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Not sure of what type of foundation you already have? Or are you planning on building a new home in Houston or in a neighboring location? In any of these cases, understanding the three types of residential foundations available nowadays will arm you with the knowledge you need to make the best decision for your home now and for the future.
To help, our experts have gathered below the most important details about the three residential foundations that most builders still use in the Greater Houston area.
Slab-on-Grade Foundations
This is the most utilized type of foundation specifically in areas where the frost line is not very deep. As its name suggests, a slab-on-grade foundation consists of a slab of concrete that’s poured directly on the ground. The construction of this type of foundation typically involves:
the removal of topsoil;
adding backfill soil and/or gravel, if required;
laying the water and drainage pipes that are to be encased in the concrete slab;
installing a series of at-grade footings toward the exterior sides of the foundation and below load-bearing walls;
placing steel reinforcing bars or welded wire reinforcement on top of the footings;
pouring the concrete slab.
Because a slab-on-grade foundation is less expensive, takes less time to build, and requires less maintenance than other types of foundations, it’s the preferred choice for many people and professionals alike. However, one of the drawbacks to having this foundation is that once the utilities are in the concrete, and you have a problem that goes into the foundation, then you’ll have to cut through it. Similar to pier and beam foundations, a slab-on-grade foundation can be affected by too much or not enough water in the soil as well as other less-than-ideal conditions, such asfreezing andclay bowl effect.
Pier and Beam Foundations
Also referred to as post and beam foundations, pier and beam foundations are more common in the older homes built before the 60s. Although these foundations aren’t as popular as they used to be, which is mainly because slab-on-grade foundations provide a more affordable alternative and are also easier to build, they’re still the norm in Houston and other parts of the country that receive a lot of rain and are prone to flooding.
In a pier and beam foundation, the piers are attached to a series of load-bearing beams that support the floor joists above. In older homes, the piers used to be driven deep into the ground until solid bedrock was reached. In some modern homes, the piers, which arereinforced with steel rebar, are installed atop a concrete pad, also reinforced with steel rebar.
Although the role of a pier and beam foundation is to elevate homes at least 18 inches from the ground, your Houston home might need to be elevated higher in order to meet the BFE recommended for the area. In the event that the lowest floor in your home is below the BFE recommended, rainwater might enter your home during heavy rains.
Besides preventing potential flood damage, a pier and beam foundation creates an empty space underneath your home, which is commonly referred to as crawlspace. The crawlspace is perfect for hiding basic utility lines, including electrical wiring, plumbing, and HVAC ductwork. Because the crawlspace provides access to all these components, it can make maintenance and repairs easier. One negative aspect of having a crawlspace is that you need to prevent your water pipes from freezing andprotect electrical wires and HVAC ductwork from damage due to different potential factors, including pest infestations.
Basement Foundations
Although some Houston homes have a basement foundation,conventional “closed” basements are a rarity in our city. In addition to the higher up-front cost of building this type of foundation, a basement can increase the risk of water damage, particularly in Houston, where most homes are at risk of flooding. Furthermore, Houston’s clay soil can push into the basement walls, causing cracking and bowing. A basement foundation also takes longer to build because the builder needs to first excavate enough dirt and rock to create adequate space for the basement, which should be at least 8 feet deep.
After the workers dig out the area, they must add gravel and/or backfill soil, compact the gravel and/or soil properly to ensure a solid substrate for the concrete pad, then build a concrete pad frame, and pour the concrete footing. Once the footing has been poured, the basement walls are built of poured concrete. The installation of a number of columns, as specified in the house plan, will be the next step in the process. Once all the columns are installed, a concrete slab will be poured on top.
The use of each type of foundation depends on the location, type of soil, and type of home to be constructed. Homes that are built in Houston and the surrounding areas are most likely built upon a slab-on-grade or pier and beam foundation.
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Do I call a foundation repair company if my house is leaning?
If your house is leaning, it’s crucial to call a foundation repair company. A leaning structure often indicates serious foundation issues that require immediate assessment and repairs to ensure your home’s safety and stability.
Are foundation repairs covered by insurance?
Foundation repairs may or may not be covered by insurance, depending on your specific policy and the cause of the damage. It's essential to check your homeowner's insurance policy or consult your insurance provider for clarification.
Can a foundation always be fixed?
Foundations can often be repaired; however, the specific circumstances and extent of damage will determine the feasibility and cost of repairs. Consulting a professional is essential for a thorough assessment to explore viable solutions.
Do foundation cracks need repair?
Foundation cracks need repair to prevent further damage to your home. Ignoring them can lead to structural issues, water intrusion, and costly repairs down the line. Addressing cracks early ensures your foundation remains stable and safe.
Can foundation cracks be repaired?
Foundation cracks can be repaired effectively. Various methods, such as epoxy injections and piering, are used to restore structural integrity and prevent further damage. Timely repairs are essential to protect your home and maintain its value.
Are foundation repairs tax deductible?
Foundation repairs may be tax deductible if they are necessary for maintaining the property or if they improve the value of your home. It's advisable to consult a tax professional to understand your specific eligibility and requirements.
Does foundation repair decrease home value?
Foundation repair does not decrease home value; in fact, addressing foundation issues proactively can enhance property value and attract potential buyers by ensuring a stable and safe living environment.
Are foundation repairs expensive?
Foundation repairs can be costly, but the expense is often necessary to prevent further damage to your home. The total cost will depend on the severity of the issues and the methods required for repair.
Are contractors needed to repair foundation?
Contractors are essential for repairing a foundation, as they have the expertise and tools necessary to accurately assess the damage and implement appropriate solutions. Professional contractors ensure the repairs are effective and comply with local codes.
Are foundation repairs permanent?
Foundation repairs are designed to be permanent solutions. When properly executed by experienced professionals, these repairs effectively address underlying issues and help maintain the structural integrity of your home over time.
Can foundation repair cause more damage?
Foundation repair can potentially cause more damage if not performed correctly. However, when carried out by qualified professionals, the process is designed to stabilize and protect your home's structure, minimizing any risks of additional issues.
Can foundation be repaired?
The foundation can indeed be repaired. Experienced professionals can assess the issues and implement effective solutions to restore stability and prevent further damage, ensuring the safety and longevity of your home.
Are foundation repairs worth it?
The worth of foundation repairs is significant, as they prevent further structural damage, enhance property value, and ensure the safety of your home. Investing in repairs can save you money in the long run by addressing issues early on.
Are foundation repairs covered by home insurance?
Foundation repairs may be covered by home insurance, but this depends on the cause of the damage and your specific policy. It's essential to review your coverage details and consult with your insurance provider for clarity.
Are foundation repairs covered by homeowners insurance?
Foundation repairs may or may not be covered by homeowners insurance, depending on the cause of the damage. If the foundation issues arise from a covered peril, such as a natural disaster, they are likely to be included in your policy.
Do foundation repairs last?
Foundation repairs can last for many years when performed by professionals, provided that underlying issues are properly addressed and maintained. Regular inspections and maintenance can further ensure the longevity of your foundation repairs.
Does foundation repair increase home value?
Foundation repair can increase home value by addressing structural issues that may deter potential buyers. A stable foundation is essential for safety and market appeal, making it a worthwhile investment for homeowners.
Do foundation repair companies fix leaks?
Foundation repair companies often address leaks as part of their services. They can identify the source of water intrusion and implement solutions to repair foundational issues, preventing further leaks and damage.
What signs indicate foundation issues?
Signs indicating foundation issues include cracks in walls or floors, doors and windows that stick, uneven or sloped floors, gaps around windows and doors, and water pooling near the foundation. Addressing these signs promptly can prevent further damage.
How long do foundation repairs take?
The duration of foundation repairs varies based on the severity of the issues and the methods used. Typically, repairs can take anywhere from a few days to several weeks to complete.
Can DIY methods fix foundation problems?
DIY methods may provide temporary relief for minor foundation issues, but they often lack the effectiveness and durability of professional repairs. For significant problems, it’s best to consult experts to ensure long-lasting solutions.
What causes foundation cracks to develop?
Foundation cracks develop due to various factors, including soil movement, insufficient drainage, and extreme weather conditions. These elements can exert pressure on the foundation, leading to cracks that compromise the structural integrity of a home.
Are structural engineers involved in foundation repairs?
Structural engineers are indeed involved in foundation repairs, as they assess structural integrity, recommend appropriate solutions, and ensure compliance with safety standards during the repair process.
What is the cost range for foundation repairs?
The cost range for foundation repairs varies significantly based on factors such as the type and extent of damage, ranging from $2,000 to $7,000 on average. For specific estimates, it’s best to schedule an assessment.
How can I prevent future foundation issues?
Preventing future foundation issues involves maintaining proper drainage around your home, ensuring gutters are clean, and grading the soil to direct water away from the foundation. Regular inspections and addressing minor repairs promptly can also help avoid major problems.
What techniques are used in foundation lifting?
The techniques used in foundation lifting include slab jacking, piering, and foam injection. These methods effectively raise and stabilize the foundation by addressing the underlying soil issues and providing the necessary support.
Is financing available for foundation repairs?
Financing is available for foundation repairs. At Allied Foundation Repair, we offer various financing options to help homeowners manage the cost of essential foundation services.
What documents are needed for foundation repair estimates?
The documents needed for foundation repair estimates typically include the property deed, any previous inspection reports, photographs of visible issues, and structural plans if available. These help ensure an accurate assessment of the foundation's condition.
How often should foundation inspections occur?
Foundation inspections should occur at least once a year, or more frequently if you notice signs of foundation issues, such as cracks in walls or uneven floors. Regular assessments help prevent severe damage and costly repairs.
What warranties are offered on foundation repairs?
The warranties offered on foundation repairs typically include both a workmanship warranty and a material warranty, ensuring long-term protection for homeowners against defects or issues that may arise post-repair.
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